atkins



'(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. H. ROSS 8c 13. E. ATKINS.

OVERHEAD OIL LAMP.

No. 422,836. Patented Mar. 4, 1890.

N. PEIEHS, Pboto-Lilhngm her. Washington, I). c.

(No Model.) v 2 Sheets-Sheet 2i. J.-H. ROSS & E. E. ATKINS.

I v OVERHEAD OIL LAMP.

Patented Mar. 4, 1890 N, PETERS Phclvl fllogragimr. wag-in eam a c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

J OIIN' ll. ROSS AND EDIVARD E. ATKINS, OF BIRMINGHAM, COUNTY OFVVARVVIOK, ENGLAND.

OVERHEA D OlL-LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersLPatent No. 422,836, dated March 4,1890.

Application filed October 8, 1889. Serial No. 825,900. (No model.)Patented in England February 5, 1889, No, 2,019: in France September 23,1889, No. 200,917; in Belgium September 23, 1889,19) 87,82 1, and inItaly October 12,1889,LI,855.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, J OHN HOWARD Ross and EDWARD ELIJAH ATKINS,citizens of En land, both residing at 171 Hockley Hill, Birmingham, inthe county of Varwick, England, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Overhead Oil-Lamps, (for which we have obtained patentsin France, dated September 23, 1 889, No. 200,917 in Belgium, datedSeptember 23, 1889, No. 87,824; in Italy, dated October 12, 1889, Vol.LI, No. 355, and in, Great Britain by an application for Letters Patent,which patent, when granted, will bear date February 5, 1889, No. 2,019,)of which the following is a specification.

. This invention relates to the construction of an oil-lamp in such amanner that, its flame being directed downward from the body of the lampwithout any part of the structure except glass below it, there is noshadow cast beneath. Such lamps are therefore especially adapted forpendent lights or for lights for ceilings of apartments or carriages.

WVe shall describe the construction of lamp according to our invention,referring to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a vertical section on the line X X of Fig. 2, which is aplan on Y Y of Fig. 1. Fig. 1 is a part section showing a niodificationof the wick.

Ais the annularoil-reservoir,which is concealed within a ring A, thatmay be ornamented as desired, and a reflector A J There is free passagefor air around the reservoir A, so as to keep its'contents cool.

i To the top of the reservoir A are fixed three brackets B, which carrya ring B, and from this ring three bolts 13 extend upward and carry anupper ring B 0 is the chimney, which is a metal tube having fixed on ittwo rings O C and a pro jecting bar C In use the ring 0' of the chimneyrests on B but the chimney can be raised by hand as far as is permittedby the ring 0 meeting 13 lVhen it is so raised, the projecting bar 0slides through a notch of the ring B and when the chimney is raised sofar that the lower end 0 of the bar 0 is just above the ring B, onturning the chimney partly round, the end 0 resting on the ring 13',supports the chimney in its raised position until, on turning thechimney backward so that '0 enters the notch of B, the chimney can belowered to the position shown in Fig. 1. NVithin the lower part of thechimney, which is perforated, is fitted a cylinder D, of ceramic or suchlike refractory material, preferably having at its lower end aprojecting lip or flange D, and having near its upper end threeprojecting studs D In introducing the cylinderD into the chimney O thestuds D pass through notches in a ring projecting inwardly fromtheehimney,

and then on turning D partly round its studs D rest on the chimney-ring,and thus the cylinder-D is supported. In order to prevent D from turningaccidentally back so as to bring its studs D into coincidence with thenotches, and so allow D to drop,a small setting-sorew is screwed throughthe wall of the chimney O to prevent movement of one of the studs D Thebrackets 13 carry a horizontal ring E, to which at one side areseparately hinged a deflecting-ring E and abezel E for carrying theglass globe G. At the side of the ring E opposite to the hinges there ispivoted on E asmall handle E which in the position shown in Fig. 1 holdsup the bezel E On withdrawing E the bezel E and the glass G which itcarries can be turned down, and then acateh E which holds up thedeflector-ring E, can be withdrawn, allowing E also to be turned down.Thus free access can be got to the wicks for trimming. Between thedeflectorring E and the wick-holder there are fixed several concentricrings E of louver form, be tween which air can enter. The'obliquity ofthese rings prevents the heat of the flame from radiating directly onthe wick holder.

There are also through the upper part of the ing at H toothed wheels ona spindle H which can be turned by hand for advancing or. retracting thewick. At the point H the wick-tube is united by soldering or otherwiseto the edges of two conoidal disks H and H which are stamped in dies tosuch shape that parts of them form continuations of the three wick-tubesII, while in the intermediate parts I I between these continuations thetwo thicknesses of metal are close together.

-The conoidal disks H H are supported by the tubes H, which in turn aresupported by the cover of the oil-reservoir. At the inner edge H of thetwo disks they present a complete annular opening occupied by the threewicks, which at this place meet each other, so that together theyconstitute a complete circular wick, presenting its end at H The wicksbeing adjusted and trimmed, the deflector E and globe G being fixed up,the chimney O is drawn up as far as permitted by the ring 0 and thusfree access from above is given to the wicks, which can then be lighted.When they are lighted,the chimney O is lowered to its working position,and then air entering through the perforations of E and through those atthe lower part of the chimney O supplies the flame, which is di rectedfirst downward past the flange D, then inward and up the cylinder D,presenting below the appearance of arosette of light. The cylinder Dsoon becomes highly heated, so that the air entering by the perforationsof the chimney and impinging on D is heated before reaching the interiorof the flame, which is thus made to burn with great brillianey.

In order to avoid the necessity for frequent trimming of the wicks, themodification shown by Fig. 1 may be adopted. In this case a ring K, madeof asbestus fiber, or, it may be, of porous mineral, against which theends of the wicks abut, is attached to the wickholder. The oil suppliedby the wicks soaks through the ring K, which thus forms the effectiveannular wick from which the flame starts. When it is desired toextinguish the lamp, it is only necessary to draw the'wicks back fromcontact with K, so that this is no longer supplied with oil.

Although we have shown three wick-tubes converging from the reservoir Atoward the chimney, obviously there might be a greater number of suchtubes, as well as of the brackets B and bolts B The lamp, as shown inthe drawings, with its chimney exposed, is adapted for being suspendedfrom a ceiling or bracket within an apartment where it is sheltered.When such a lamp is employed in an exposed position, it has necessarilyto be inclosed in a lantern or other suitable casing to protect it fromwind or wet. When the lamp is employed for lighting a railway or othercarriage, all the upper part of the lamp above the reflector A has to beinclosed in a casing provided with suitably-guarded inlets for air andoutlets for products of combustion, such as are used generally forrailwaycarriage lamps. In another application, Serial No. 325,901, ofeven date herewith, we have shown a lamp of similar construction tothis, but having converging groups of round wicks instead of the fiatwicks herein described.

Having thus described the nature of our invention and the best means weknow for carrying the same into practical elfect, we claim- 1. Anoverhead oil-lamp consisting of an an nular oil-reservoir provided withconverging brackets B, a central chimney supported by scribed.

2. In combination with the chimney C,hav-

ing its stop-rings O and C and its bar 0 the.

rings B B bolts B and supporting-brackets B, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

J. H. ROSS. E. E. ATKINS;

Witnesses:

OLIVER IMRAY, Patent Agent, 28 Southampton Buildings,

London, W C.

JNo. P. M. MILLARD, Clerk to lllessi's. Abel at Iinray, ConsultingEngineers and Patent Agents, 28 Southampton Buildings, London, W. O.

